The wet spot

 

Hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating - a problem not only medical but also social. It prevents people in their professional and personal life, often leads to neurosis and even depression.

Very damp.

Actually, for a person to perspire naturally and helpful. This way your body carries heat regulation, are protected from external heat or internal heat. Moreover, together with then are ejected accumulated toxins.

However, all is good in moderation. If the sweating is not associated with increased body temperature, to talk about hyperhidrosis. It is common and local. Total sweating, especially if the cold sweat on his body at night - a clear cause for concern. After all, it is - a symptom of many diseases, such as nerve disorders, autonomic system, some infectious or endocrine disorders (diabetes, hyperthyroidism, etc.).

If the pot in three streams combined with the frequent pulse, a sudden redness or pallor person, most likely, the person was a victim of vascular dystonia. When in addition to wet hands and feet are concerned chest pain - should apply to a cardiologist, because so often manifested cardiac ailments. Accompanying symptoms such as pain and impaired urination - a reason for the urgent visit to the nephrologist for kidney examinations. Sweats, accompanied by pain in the joints, often points to rheumatism, and if, together with high humidity rights pestering cough and pain in the lungs, it can be suspected tuberculosis.

Places - Air

However, if wet during the day are only the foot, palm or armpit (sometimes the face and scalp), then run by doctors not worth it. There is no specific diagnosis and is not required, it is clear - it is a local hyperhidrosis. Such a feature have 3% of people on earth. Their sweat glands are not working normally, but in the strong regime, highlighting the sweat is not an increase in body temperature, and when they want, and, as a rule, in moments of excitement.

Often local hyperhidrosis is hereditary, but half the fathers are not to blame. For some people, this problem is related to increased excitability of the central nervous system. It is noticed that most choleric, phlegmatic and melancholic than suffer from excessive sweating. Excessive humidity in some places - not the disease. And if a person does not experience this state of great discomfort, you can not particularly worried. But if local sweating bothers you in life and career, then this unwelcome gift of nature better get rid of.

Let's start with a small

Baths with oak bark and other herbs in the drying of the skin are effective no more than self-deception. Sedatives, bring more tangible benefits, if we do not take into account such of their side effects such as drowsiness and reduced concentration. A widely used drugs previously on the basis of formaldehyde often lead to allergization skin and irritation. Therefore, to adopt all these measures are not worth it.

The most famous and budgets sweat - antiperspirants. But they are only suited to those who have no real hyperhidrosis. Active substance antiperspirants - aluminum salts alyumohloridy blocking the ducts of sweat glands. In conventional deodorants their content does not exceed 2-3%. But in the special medical antiperspirant alyumohloridov concentration reaches 10-15%, which increases their efficiency. After 3-5 years of regular use, some people develop atrophy of the sweat glands in the armpit - and then a nasty problem disappears by itself. But it is important to observe special rules: use the tools you need only once a week and applied only on dry skin.

Another possibility is to drain the hands and armpits - iontophoresis, a method that uses useful properties of a weak electric current discharge. This is such a special bath in which you want half an hour 1-2 times a week to keep their hands. Their advantage is that they are suitable for home use. The efficacy of this procedure with mild palmar hyperhidrosis - 80%, it is suitable for underarms less positive result in this case will not exceed 30%. At the same time to use iontophoresis to regularly all my life. In addition, this method is not suitable for people with pacemakers or other metal implants in the body can not use it during pregnancy.

Home - dry!

Problem solved and hyperhidrosis surgically. Even 10 years ago it was the operational methods of treatment were considered the most effective.

If underarm sweating can be applied curettage - subcutaneous curettage of sweat glands. The operation is performed under local anesthesia through a puncture in the skin glands are removed using a special spoon. Excellent effect occurs almost immediately, but after 2-3 months, when the sprout new cancer, the result may be impaired. Repeated curettage enhances the effect of the method, but more than two times to resort to this method is not necessary - or there cicatricial process. Another option - complete excision of the zone of hyperhidrosis in the armpits. His minus - a large scar.

The radical method - sympathectomy - guarantees a lifetime effect of dryness. A puncture in the chest or back under general anesthesia introduced tools with which intersects or removed sympathetic trunk - the nerve responsible for sweating. And all would be good if not side effects: while the palms, armpits or feet after such a procedure become dry, but comes more sweating torso. Some patients may decrease heart rate. A very significant side effect of this operation - problems in the intimate sphere. Although recently developed safe for men options transactions.

Poison as rescue

The last 10 years in the treatment of local hyperhidrosis was a revolution. It involves the application of botulinum toxin drugs - drugs that are struggling with in cosmetology mimic wrinkles. The efficacy of this procedure with hyperhidrosis of the armpits is 90%, palms - 70%, somewhat worse "drainage" amenable to the foot.

The whole session takes about twenty minutes. Pre-impact area (usually under the arms and hands) is processed cream-anesthetic. Despite the relief of pain and discomfort still there - the medicine itself rather poignant (especially painful injections in the palm). But nothing can be done - will have to wait. Women are better not to carry out the procedure at the time of menstruation, when the pain threshold lowered.

In each armpit is an average of 15-20 injections. On hand will require more than 50 injections, but many patients have guessed how to save - chopping Botox only one, working his right hand. True, "drainage" of palms with botulinum toxin is one drawback - since the drug relaxes the muscles, the thumb becomes weaker. The effect of dryness is manifested within two to five days after the injection. In the first few days can not go to bath and sauna, as well as going to the solarium - otherwise the effect of Botox will end quickly. To some extend "desiccant" effect, it is recommended drink away the course of calcium preparations. Further manipulation can be repeated.

In order to reduce the activity of the sympathetic system, and hence reduce excessive sweating:

- Give up smoking;
- Limit the amount of acute and spicy food;
- With tea and coffee, go for fruit drinks, juices and fruit drinks.

Check yourself
Local hyperhidrosis say the following symptoms:

- Sweating is the same on both sides (either hands or armpits);
- Moisture of the skin in problem areas increases with excitement or stress;
- Night sweats are not observed;
- During the day the body does not sweat;
- A local sweating persists for at least 6 months.

What you need for happiness

 

The question of "how to be happy," worries us - the citizens. Worried about it, and scholars - social psychologists, who have spent the past few decades, many efforts to understand what affects the feeling of happiness.

Watching TV and other popular ways of killing time, clearly do not add to happiness.

What luck, brother?

The main problem with research on "happy" about the fact that it is considered good fortune, and the methods by which to measure its level. If tomorrow you read in the newspapers: "Scientists have found that of chocolate ice cream, women have become happier, do not hurry to take their turn to ice cream. Most likely, it will focus on short-term feeling of pleasure.

Under the happiness of understanding the inner state of man, and not some external factors (income level, for example). There are two components of happiness: positive emotions and the extent to which a person is satisfied with their lives.

Of course, the modern "study of happiness" does not give one hundred percent accurate results, or prescriptions for achieving it. However, a study of factors affecting happiness, you can take stock.

Money is not happiness ...

Although their number has played a role. Citizens of rich countries on average are happier than the poor.

Of course, the lack of shelter and lack of basic needs of happiness will not increase. And the opposite situation: from luxury no one is happier. Psychologist Ed Diener and his colleagues conducted a survey among the 100 richest Americans from Forbes magazine rankings. Their level of happiness was only slightly higher than the national average.
Worst of all have people who believe that to be happy first and foremost need prestige and costs. Psychologist Tim Kasser of the United States conducted a study among 800 former graduates of the same school. He found that for those in the first place put relationships, personal growth and benefit to society, characterized by very high life satisfaction. But those who most valued the higher income and careers, twice as often as others of his former classmates said they were "very" or "very" unhappy. "

As for the widespread dream to win the lottery a million, the science also have its say. Psychologists Smith and Razzell conducted a survey among the British who won the football betting very large sums. 70% of the "lucky ones" left the old job, moved to live in a prestigious area, resulting in lost neighbors, friends at work, and new neighbors in most cases negatively perceived "nouveau riche". In addition, most respondents indicated that after winning their disorder began in the family. As the most joy from a lot of money and the possibility to buy expensive things, it very quickly disappears.

True love - that's not happiness

Many equate the tumultuous love and happiness. However, even the most powerful romantic obsession does not live longer than three years. Proof - a longitudinal study of Huston and Horosta, published in 1994.

Love relationships are a source of happiness is mainly for those people who have a lot in common: a view of the world, life values and interests. Having established that the phenomenon of American scientist Hatfield, calls the love that comes in this case to replace the passions - love, friendship. It does not cause such intense emotions, but it is a deeper, more permanent and over the years only grows.

That is, happiness in marriage are those couples where both spouses are able to become true friends to each other.

Do you have a call to a friend

Communicating with others is very strong effect on happiness: what it is regular, the better. Some psychologists even suggest that social relations - the only true source of happiness.

At the same time (although the joy give friends of either sex) relationships with friends, on average, are more trusting and supportive than male friends. Moreover, the "bosom" friendship is more important for the psychological health of women, and big companies - for men.

One exemplary and well-known research in this area conducted in 2000, psychologist Taylor and her colleagues. She has proven that spending time with friends, women really neutralize the consequences of daily stress. And all thanks to the release of the hormone oxytocin, which is associated with feelings of love and care.

Exercise regularly

While most people begin to engage in sports, experiencing for its shape over time, they are discovering that physical activity improves their mood and self-confidence. Social psychologists Hsayao and Thayer in 1998, found that people are "experienced" in sports, noted among his motives increase the mood and just having fun.

Also, scientists have proven that regular exercise - the best tool for preventing and treating moderate depression. The fact is that physical activity contributes to the production of endorphins - the natural "happy drug".

For example, a British scientist Steptoe found that even the physical exercise alone (3-4 times per week) had a couple of months can steadily improve life satisfaction. Even more effective are exercises "in the company." This may be learning some dance form or joint trips to the pool - the main thing to combine two in one: communication and physical activity.

Find a hobby and like-minded

Studies confirm that the level of happiness strongly influences the way people dispose of their leisure time. Watching TV and other popular ways of killing time, clearly do not add to happiness. The most happy people, who devote their free time, meaningful and purposeful activity.

There is no equal to various clubs and hobby groups, which united people with a common passion. The study maitre in the field of psychology of happiness by Michael Argyle and his colleagues, people were asked to assess their mood after the meeting in his "club". The feeling of joy they have increased sharply, especially among those who attended dance clubs, helped in charitable organizations, or belonged to religious groups.

Begin to help others

Helping others can also make a person happier, increasing his self-esteem and making life more meaningful. In Europe, as part of the leisure distributed volunteer work - free help to any charitable organization. Our country is not yet caught on, but we have organizations that are struggling with violence, engaged in HIV prevention, help the homeless. And while the assistance of volunteers to be abandoned.

A survey of the National Center for volunteering UK, almost all of the volunteers reported that this work has helped them to reduce their number of psychological problems.

Should happiness be the end in itself?

Indeed, as to whether happiness to construct the rank of life's purpose? How many unfortunate people were the great composers, writers, scientists. Moreover, many people are willing to sacrifice personal happiness for the sake of other objectives: creative achievements in career, happiness of other people, finally. On the other hand, it is the people, leading a very active and active life, evaluate it as a happy one.

Although many philosophers and gurus recommend that you find happiness "within himself" happier than all the people whose goals are directed not at himself and the world around you and other people. According to many studies, the happiest people - sociable, socially active, having clear goals in life.

Seven habits that rob us of power

 


First: a regular lack of sleep

According to statistics, 60 of the last century the average person puts in sleep 8 hours now - about 6,5. We have less sleep because of the accelerated pace of life, are forced into an increasing number of cases. But beyond that, the number of people suffering from sleep problems (eg, because of the stress).

Many try to compensate for the lack of sleep on the weekend, indulge in the so-called "sleeping bulimia" - ie, riprap until mid-Saturday. A special benefit that does not work. Researchers from Northwestern University (Illinois) have shown that lack of sleep, accumulated within a few days, can not be compensated for once. The fact is that the lack of sleep during the day the body can not compensate for the damage the next day. Systematic failure to obtain "compensation" for a few days in a row, can cause irritability, depressed mood and obesity.

Second: the constant attempts to lose weight through diet

Lovers sit on a diet can be divided into three groups. Some of them (and minority) actually managed to, sitting on a diet, leave overweight. Others can not do it - and they leave their attempts to restrict their diet. Still others, without sleep and rest, pick up a new diet or start one and the same every time from the beginning.

That they are stubborn lovers diets are at risk. They always have a sense of guilt and frustration over unfulfilled plans for weight loss, they are trying to punish myself more and more strict diet, suffer from constant feelings of hunger (and often - a lack of essential substances). As a result, they were again thwarted. No matter how trite, but will once again repeat: The diet should be balanced, and attempts to lose weight successfully only if they are accompanied by physical exertion.

Third: chronic pain

Some people who experience chronic pain for years put off a visit to the doctor for reasons such as: "Today, it seems easier - can it ever stop aching?".

However, studies show that among patients with depression, post-traumatic syndrome and chronic pain is a certain similarity. This so-called dezaptatsionnaya reaction, which is expressed in muscle weakness, decreased appetite and libido, reduced physical activity, restless sleep and reduced concentration. Such a person feeling constantly exhausted, depleted, and this greatly reduces the quality of life.

Fourth: the habit of drinking coffee in large quantities

A cup of coffee adds vivacity, but liter of coffee every day, this takes courage. It's simple: there is an effect of habituation, for courage is required increasing the dose, which, in the end, it is impossible to constantly increase. In addition, the consumption of beverages kofeinosoderzhaschih enhances dehydration. Those who are difficult to abandon the habit of drinking a few cups of coffee a day, it makes sense to combine them with drinking water during the day. However, those who do without coffee, water also does not hurt. Nutritionists recommend drinking 8 glasses of water daily.

Fifth: the regular method of energy drinks

"Energy" should not become a regular morning drink. Given this rather powerful stimulant, a person receives a loading dose of caffeine, taurine and ginseng often. After such a mobilization of internal reserves, the body requires the restoration and recreation. At particular risk are the liver, nervous and cardiovascular systems. And with regular admission of Power is addictive, and "invigorating drink" over time invigorates less and less.

Sixth: the lack of oxygen

The lack of oxygen from the permanent residence in the stuffy indoors slows metabolism and causes fatigue. By "more wander after work, alas, will benefit not everyone. Therefore, we can search out the other: firstly, there are oxygen cocktails, and secondly, you can change the breathing technique. Throughout the day, we breathe the surface, making shallow breaths. It should be given at least a few minutes a day to "to exist a" making slow, deep breaths, or go to a relaxation breathing techniques.

Seventh: lack of movement

Stiffness does not lead to savings of forces: the muscles lose their tone without load, eventually disappears, and energy. Furthermore: physical activity reduces not only the risk of cardiovascular disease, but also the risk of depression and was found to affect life expectancy. Researchers at the University of South Carolina for 12 years, were monitoring a group of 2600 elderly people. It was found that physical activity affects the life expectancy is much stronger than even the presence of a normal body mass index. In other words, whether full or thin people: if it is a lot of time during the day is spent in motion, he will live longer.

Effects of various drugs

The most consumed drugs, scientists are divided into three groups:

Euphoric, and opiates (opium, morphine, codeine, etc.).

Fantastic - hallucinogens (Indian hemp, LSD, etc.).

Psychostimulants (amphetamine, ephedrine, etc.).

Euphoric drugs at some time create the illusion of liberation from earthly constraints and problems. Psychic dependence on this group of drugs sometimes develops after one or two injections. In his first reception of morphine substances remain in the body is relatively long. But with repeated use of enzymes are activated, destroy morphine, and to produce the same effect, the dose must increase, so within a day drug addict man several times introduces a drug.

A few weeks later a fatal dose for ordinary people in the addict has been operating normally. Pleasant illusory sensations has lasted long, and soon the patient is in an irreversible and almost incessant state of abstinence (breaking). There are psychoses. Can Epilepsy.

Abstinence runs very hard. " It takes her 5-6-day, but insomnia can last for a month or more. Fear has always nightfall, as tormented by nightmares. In this regard, patients have resorted to barbiturates or other sleeping pills, and this often leads to psychosis. In the later stages of drug addiction can be lost memory on current events.
Fantastic drugs. This is basically a drug-free hemp. The most common of these-hashish. In effect it is similar to opium. Smoking cannabis causes first motor and verbal stimulation with illusions and hallucinations, then - drowsiness, lethargy and sleep. Prolonged use of cannabis affects all the endocrine glands, especially sex, kidney and liver.

The researchers found that hashish, lightning effect on the central nervous system and the cerebral hemispheres of the brain, can cause sudden swings from ecstasy to nightmarish hallucinations.
After one or two years after the start of hashish patients lose their attachment to the family, stop working, do not follow them, begin to steal.

For a fantastic group of drugs is and LSD. This substance is relatively easily synthesized in clandestine laboratories, and begin to use more and more. However, it is particularly strong and cunning. One ounce of it - 28,3 g, divided in half, can produce hallucinations in three hundred thousand people.

The consequences of a single administration of the drug LSD could be suicide, depression and as a result - a long stay in a psychiatric hospital. It is known that 20 minutes after ingestion of the organiza ¬ nism can no longer find any traces of the drug. Nevertheless, its effect can occur days or even months.

LSD leads to dysfunction of orientation, spatial perception and self; delirium accompanied by fear, depression, suicidal. This drug causes severe deformities of the fetus, mutation of chromosomes. Children of addicts are born mostly in underdeveloped hands and nogami.K fantastic group of drugs applies psilobitsin (psilobitsinovye mushrooms). According to its impacts and implications are similar to LSD, mushrooms, these are called, even the natural analogue of LSD.
Under the influence of this group of drugs people have confidence in their ability to walk on water, fly through the air, and that some are trying to ETS ¬ lat. How many of them already - flown away from the balconies of the other world!

Psychostimulants. For this group of drugs is characterized by the ability to remove fatigue and drowsiness, to suppress hunger. Most dopin ¬ gov illegally used in sports, belongs to this group. They increase physical activity and give a sense of euphoria. But very soon in the absence of the drug developed depressed mood, sometimes with a tendency to suicide. Over time, this state prevails and drug use.

For example, crack triggers panic. Panic attacks may continue after the patient stopped taking the drug for a few more months. Two or three doses of the drug can make the young man impotent. From a tightening of crack can stop the heart, even a trained athlete, as the drug accumulates in the blood immediately above the critical dose. From the crack suddenly passed away football star Don Rogers of California and the famous basketball player-hero Leon Byes.

A very small gap between the dose that causes euphoria (0,01-0,03 g), and the dose at which a person dies (0,05 g), with cocaine.
Younger students are attached to drugs, often starting with "wheels" (barbiturates), which are more or less cheap. After taking the drug a person becomes like a drunk. As you become accustomed tablets need more. Then they begin to take alcohol, getting a hellish mix. The consequences have been tragic.

Every third death of a drug addict is due to poisoning "wheels", especially if they are mixed with alcohol. Barbiturates cause bouts of depression, and this can result in suicide. Muzhchin. / dependent on barbiturates, waiting for impotence, women - as a rule, miscarriages and infertility.

We will not characterize the other drugs in this group, it suffices to say that their effect on the psyche and physical health destructive.

In general, people who inject drugs, there are two types of intoxication: euphoric and apathetic. When the patient euphoric loquacious, agile, prone to jokes, smeshliv, intrusive, seeking to establish contact, to engage others in conversation. Pale skin, shine eyes, uncertain gait. The picture is similar to alcohol intoxication, but without the smell of alcohol.

When apathetic intoxication patient becomes sluggish, fenced off from others, indifferent. The questions are answered in monosyllables. He is immersed in a world of their experiences and feelings. Perhaps the hallucinations and everything around him seems to be unrealistic, having no relation to him.
Along with all the specific drugs and have common properties.
First. All drug addicts at a certain stage there is pathology, called "switching off the brakes." This is the official medical term. Fail even unconditional innate reflexes. A drug addict has decided to test this: if he can keep on his outstretched hands of the child and does not omit the rest. He went to the balcony of a nine-house with a baby. I held a minute or two and threw it on the pavement - the brakes did not work.
Second. Unhappy slaves syringe, passing the initial stage, fall into an inexplicable state of agony of fear, accompanied by great suffering.
Third. No wonder the third stage of the disease called addiction original. If addicts do not find the strength of will to stop, they have one outcome - after 4-5 years of death

How to help the recovering addict?

 


The process of recovering drug addicts person begins with the adoption of the decision to start treatment and ends with full return to normal life. The long and gradual process of returning to society full of its members should be conducted by professional therapists in drug dependence with close addict people and his own active participation. Drugs are a destructive influence on the emotional and social maturity, which makes it difficult to return to a life without drugs. And because so peculiar psychological help recovering drug addicts at every stage of treatment.
The first stage - the decision on refusal of drugs. The task of physicians and parents at this stage is the conviction of drug dependence in fact he is not alone in facing this kind of problem. And that many people can not get rid of drug addiction. Ambient should give hope to recovering a better future. Thus, overcome indecision and anxiety disappears.
It is very important to establish close contact with the doctor. To do this, sometimes sacrificing a sense of parents, for whom remains unclear importance of communicating to their child alone with the doctor. At the initial stage of treatment a doctor should understand what causes the patient was forced to resort to drugs and care commensurate with the cost of these individual characteristics.
From the outset, one needs to convince the dependent person is that he will recover, but it must make and their own efforts. This will help develop a sense of autonomy and dependent self-confidence. A doctor at the first stage should provide most of the entire received addicts intellectual and emotional support.
The second stage - the process of treating the physical and psychological dependence. After discontinuation of drugs, the patient carried out the procedures for detoxification. This period is aimed at ridding the patient of the physical torment and mental stress. A dependent is in a state where the psychological impact should work on the principle of "all your actions are correct, you're on the right track." Support - is the main tool for this moment, which not only reduces the treatment to the physiological purification, but also helps shape the patient sustained motivation to achieve a healthy lifestyle.
The third stage - back into society. Finding a patient in a hospital isolate and simultaneously prepare him to return to society. In the clinic the patient is easier to start changing their interests. Here the tasks of doctors and family members are familiarizing the patient to self-knowledge, occupational therapy, art, sports, hobbies. Psychotherapy is needed to establish the integrity of the individual. In this stage, external influence and persuasion of doctors are the most productive. But do not expect an instant return to the patient in a society of healthy people. Former drug addicts need help to determine its relation to reality. Do not require a full-fledged entry into the circle of healthy peers. Because this process is better to gradually and by a single re-establish contact.
At this stage it is very important role of parents and loved ones. Parents should seek to restore the lost understanding. This is done to restrain the desire to do the moral suggestion, reproach, to impose their views. Also a common mistake parents considered their impatience. Therefore, parents should understand that drug addiction - is a heavy dependence, to overcome which takes time. And on its part to support the formation of new positive life attitudes and habits.